Endometriosis is when cells similar to the cells of the uterus lining develop elsewhere in the body and these growths often form on the ovaries or fallopian tubes. Endometriosis is rarely seen of the cervix. It is estimated that it affects 6 to 10 percent of women and it is especially prevalent in those of reproductive age.
Symptoms of Cervical Scar Tissue
Generally there are no symptoms seen but may notice following –
- Unusual vaginal discharge
- Pelvic pain
- Pain during intercourse
- Bleeding after intercourse
- Bleeding between menstrual periods
- Heavy, prolonged or painful periods
Diagnosis of Cervical Scar Tissue
If the doctor discovers growths on the cervix will perform a pap smear. If the result is abnormal, then may perform a colposcopy. This procedure involves using a binocular microscope which investigates the presence of lesions on the cervix, vagina and vulva.
If there are lesions, a doctor may perform a biopsy which will allow them to examine a sample of tissue under a microscope and ensure an accurate diagnosis.
If previous procedures have damaged the cervix, it can be hard for the doctor to remove the growths.
Treatment for Cervical Scar Tissue
Two common procedures to eliminate growths are –
- Superficial electrocauterization – a doctor uses electricity and heat to remove the endometrial growths.
- Large loop excision – this involves a tool with a wire loop that carries an electrical current. The doctor will treat and remove the growths bypassing the loop along the surface of the cervix, before sealing any wounds.
Complications of Cervical Scar Tissue
As cervical endometriosis is rare it may be misdiagnosed. Growths on the cervix may also indicate cervical cancer but a doctor can reach a correct diagnosis by a biopsy and careful examination. Other possible misdiagnoses include –
- Smooth muscle growths on the cervix
- Inflammatory cysts
- Cervical polyps
- Fibroids
- Melanoma or skin cancer
Some conditions which are linked include –
- Stiffening of the cervical tissue
- Infection with human papillomavirus usually known as HPV
- Bacterial infection
Does Scar Tissue on Cervix Prevent Pregnancy?
It can be said that cervical endometriosis does not directly affect the chances of conceiving. However, any scar tissue on the cervix can block semen from entering the uterus, though the likelihood of this happening is very low. Endometriosis is more likely to impact fertility if growths are also present elsewhere in the pelvis such as on the ovaries or other part. Talk to the doctor about removing the growths.
How Do You Get Rid of Scar Tissue in the Uterus?
Scar tissue in the uterus can be treated using a surgical procedure called an operative hysteroscopy. Small surgical instruments are attached to the end of the hysteroscope and used to remove adhesions. The procedure is always carried out under general anesthetic.
After the procedure, antibiotics are given to prevent infection and estrogen tablets to improve the quality of the uterine lining.
A repeat hysteroscopy will then be performed at a later date to check that the operation was successful and the uterus is free from adhesions.
It’s possible for adhesions to re-occur following treatment. So, the doctor may advise to wait a year before trying to conceive to ensure that this hasn’t occurred.
Is Asherman’s Syndrome Dangerous?
Asherman’s syndrome is a rare and acquired condition of the uterus. It is also known as intrauterine adhesions. In this condition, in women a scar tissue or adhesions form in the uterus due to some form of trauma. It is a reduction or absence in menstruation for any reason other than lack of hormones (menopause). This reduced menstrual flow is because of the formation of scar tissue inside the cervix and uterus. Some women with this condition are unable to conceive or have recurrent miscarriages. It is possible to become pregnant with Asherman syndrome but the adhesions in the uterus can pose a risk to the developing fetus. The chances of miscarriage and stillbirth will also be higher than in women without this condition. It also increases the risk during pregnancy of –
- Placenta previa
- Placenta increta
- Excessive bleeding
Hysteroscopy is possibly the best method to use in the diagnosis.
It can make it difficult and sometimes impossible to conceive. It can also increase the risk of serious complications during pregnancy. Therefore, the condition is often preventable and treatable.
Can You See Scar Tissue on Ultrasound?
Scar tissue and adhesions are very difficult to detect with ultrasound, CT, MR imaging or any other diagnostic test, study or scan. The doctor must usually visualize these tissues directly.
Conclusion
Cervical scar tissue is a rare condition and it shares characteristics with more common conditions so it may be challenging to diagnose. However, an accurate diagnosis is essential. Talk to the doctor for proper diagnosis and get the treatment done to avoid complications.
References
https://www.medicalnewstoday.com
https://www.healthline.com/health/womens-health
